Promises of Power: A Political Autobiography by Carl B. Stokes

INDEX

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

A

Abernathy, Ralph, 108

Addonizio, Hugh, 270

Afro Set (nationalist group), 158, 221, 222

Agnew, Spiro T., 259-63

Ahen, James, 182-183

Albritton, David, 26, 63

Alioto, Joseph, 254, 258, 260-61
       1968 presidential race and, 257
       Nixon and, 263

Allen, Ivan, 254, 260-63

American Federation of Labor -- Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CLO), 73, 48, 87

Apanites, John, 233

Ausbrook, Alton (Big Al), 26

Austin, Richard, 272, 273

B

Baldwin, James, 23

Baraka, Imamu Amiri, 270, 279

Barrett, Bill, 166

Barrett, Jim, 220, 211

Bartlett, Donald, 160, 185

Bayh, Birch, 264

Beach, Walter, 209, 211

Beaufait, Howard, 160, 164

Belafonte, Harry, 274

Bell, James, 81

Besse, Ralph, 77

Blackwell, Michael J.
       Glenville shoot-out and, 209, 212-14
       McManamon and, 157, 175, 177, 178
       as police chief, 175-80

Blaha, George, 127, 128

Boardman, Thomas, 98
       and Cleveland: NOW!, 130
       as editor, 154, 155
       and tests for new policemen, 234

Bolden, Blanche, 54, 62
       as executive assistant, 117, 119
       White and, 113

Bolton, Francis M., 70

Bond, Julian, 257, 273

Bond, Commission, Ohio, 72

Boros, Julius, 218, 219

Boy Scouts, 43, 56

Bradley, Thomas, 271-72

Brenkus, Milan, 99

Briggs, Paul, 119, 190

Brown, Earle, 209

Burke, Thomas A., 90, 174

Burks, Walter, 118, 241

Butts, Charles L.
       in 1965 mayoral race, 85, 86, 88, 89
       and tests for new policemen, 232-35

C

Calabrese, Anthony O., 49n, 165

Campbell, Dick, 154

Canady, Herman G., 30-31

Capers, Jean M., 81-83

Carnes, James M., 134-38, 219, 243

Carr, Charles V., 56-57, 241-42

Cavanagh, Jerome
       assistance from, 183-84, 186-87, 272-73
       decides not to return, 272-73

       urban needs and, 254

Celebreeze, Anthony J., 45, 49n
       advice from, 251
       cabinet post for, 80
       as mayor, 90, 93
       urban renewal under, 121

Celeste, Frank P., 104, 137

Chernoff, Marvin, 103, 232

Chrisholm, Shirley, 275, 276

Choura, Lawrence, 179

Citizens' League, 48, 49

City Council
       as anachronism, 131-33
       city income tax enacted by, 138
       fighting (1969-71), 244-46
       Glenville shoot-out and, 139, 140
       1969 mayoral race and, 240
       urban renewal and, 123-24

Civil Rights Act (1964), 135

Civil Rights Commission (federal;1966), 121, 238

Civil Service Commission
       (Cleveland), 204
       appointments to, 232, 233
       packed, 118

Civil Violence Center (Western Reserve University), 159

Clausen, Barton R., 95

Clement, Kenneth W.
       in City Council (1969), 241-42
       in 1965 mayoral race, 83, 84
       in 1967 mayoral race, 100-1
       Williams and, 227

Cleveland Call&Post (newspapers), 18, 42, 56, 83
       Davis opposed to, 196, 201, 203
       support from (1965), 83

Cleveland Council of Churches, 197, 198, 201, 203

Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority, 123, 129

Cleveland: NOW! (program), 198
       effects of Glenville shoot-out, 224, 239
       press position on, 129-30, 153
       success of, 128-30

Cleveland Plain Dealer, 12, 71, 234
       Cleveland: NOW! and, 129-30
       Davis resignation and, 190, 200
       Ellenburg situation and, 185, 186
       Locher and, 96
       in 1965 mayoral race, 87, 88
       in 1967 mayoral race, 98, 99, 104
       as opposition, 146-69
       Stanton-Stokes battling and, 145
       on Twenty-first District Caucus, 243-44

Cleveland Press (newspaper), 58, 60, 84
       Ahern and, 183
       Cleveland: NOW! program and, 129-30
       Corrigan attacks and, 234
       Davis resignation and, 200
       investigation of Stokes by, 229
       Locher and, 96
       newspaper mayors as elected by, 48
       in 1965 mayoral race, 87, 91
       in 1967 mayoral race, 98, 99, 105
       in 1969 mayoral race, 127
       as opposition, 146-69
       support from, 72-73, 127
       and tests for new policemen, 234
       G. Williams and, 227

Cleveland Trust Company, 10-13, 148

Cloud, Roger, 13, 68

Cmich, Stanley, 34

Coffey, Lewis
       and Glenville shoot-out, 209-11
       as police chief, 177, 188, 190-93

Community Relations Board, 167

Conference of Mayors, 254

Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), 99

Connell, Bill, 256

Connor, Bull, 101

Connors, Wallace, 19, 20

Control, Board of, 125, 144

Conyers, John, 274

Corrigan, Hugh, 193

Corrigan, John T., 218
       and bribery charge by Stanton, 134
       fight with, 234
       investigates defrauding, 236
       in 1969 City Council race, 241
       test for new policemen and, 232-35

Corrigan, John V., 13

Council of Churches (Cleveland), 197, 198, 201, 203

Craig, Louise, 158

Criminal Justice Center, 192

Criminal Justice Coordinating Council (New York City), 192

Crosser, Michael J., 58

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

D

Dahl, Robert, 53

D'Alessando, Thomas, 254, 260

Daley, Richard, 254, 258

Davis, Gen. Benjamin O., Jr., as safety director, 180-82, 186-204

Davis, James, 123

Davis, Sylvester, Jr., 75, 76

Dearborn, Phil, 124, 125

DeGrandis, Paul J., 133

Democratic Party (Ohio), 48
       in 1965 mayoral race, 87-88
       in 1969 mayoral race, 241-42
       victory over, 241-44

Detroit Free Press, 185

Devlin, Bernadette, 276

Diggs, Charles, 279

Dillard, Harrison, 25-26

DiSalle, Michael V., 66, 264

Doberstyn, Henry, 179

Dorsey, Ray, 165

Draper, James, 207

E

East Tecnical High School, 25-26, 29-30

Eastland, James, 250

Eastman, George D., 168

Eaton, Cyrus, 10-15
       feared, 14-15, 21
       as friend and adviser, 11, 15

Education, Board of, 127

Edward, Shirley, see Strokes, Shirley E.

Ellenburg, William O., 204
       as police chief, 184-88

Ellis, E. Frank, 116

Equal Employment Opportunity Ordinance, 126, 140-41

Euclid Beach Park, 141, 142

Evans, Fred Ahmed, 139, 239
       characterized, 222-23, 276
       in Glenville shoot-out, 206-11, 218

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

F

Fatica, Michael, 133-34

Feder, Mrs., 251

Feighan, Edward, 61

Feighan, Michael A., 60, 70

Feighan, William M., 58-61

Firestone, Milton, 219

Fischer, Frank, 124

Flaherty, Pete, 254

Forbes, George, 71, 108, 231
       Glenville shoot-out and, 209, 211
       in 1969 City Councill race, 241

Ford Foundation, 99

Fraternal Order of Police, 179, 232

Friedman, James, 121

Friendly Inn Settlement House, 197, 201, 203

Fuller, A., 45

Fusco, Thad, 57, 133

Future Outlook League, 18, 21

G

Galbreath, John W., 121-23

Garey (inspector), 209

Garofoli, Anthony J., 243, 247

Gerity, Patrick L.
       as police chief, 179, 184, 185
       and test for new policemen, 232

Gibson, Kenneth, 270

Gillespie, Chester, 34

Gilliam, Warren, 243

Glenville shoot-out (1968), 139, 150, 151, 206-24, 239, 276
       police problem after, 157, 158, 173, 177

Gordon, Lou, 185

Grabner, George, 129

Green, Jinx, 35-38, 278

Green, Richard, 116, 120, 122

Gregory, Dick, 269-70

Gibbs, Roman, 183, 184

Gund, George, 11-13, 122

Gunther, John, 257

Guthrie, Thomas, 156, 190, 234

H

Harllel X (formally Jones), 197, 198
       characteristics of, 276, 277
       and Glenville shoot-out, 221, 222

Harris, Fred, 256

Harris, Louis, 275

Hatcher, Richard, 101, 271, 274, 275, 279

Hays, Lois, 87, 96

Hays, Robert, 87

Healey, Pat, 257

Hendrickson, William, 200

Henry, Lowell, 133
       running campaign for, 42, 44, 45, 49

Henry, Patrick, 277

Hill, Baxter, 197, 198, 209, 276
       Davis and, 201, 203

Hoffa, James, 265

Holly, John O., 31, 44, 45
       as leader, 16-20

Horvitz, Harry, 163-64

Hough riot (1966), 94-95

House of Representatives (Ohio), 62, 63

Housing and Urban Development Department of (HUD), 95, 121-, 124, 238, 263

Humphrey, Hubert H., 48n, 264
       characteristics of, 265-66
       1967 mayoral race and, 97
       in 1968 presidential race, 256, 275

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

I

Ingersoll, Jonathan, 75, 76

Innis, Roy, 279

J

Jacobs, Donald, 45

Jackie Robinson Story, The (film), 33

Jackson, Leo, 71, 135

Jackson, Perry B., 39, 42-44, 204

James, Clarence Ll., Jr. (Buddy), 114-, 115, 192
       Equal Employment Opportunity And, 142
       Glenville shoot-out and, 209

Jefferson, Thomas, 277

Johnson, Lydon B., 48n, 192, 264, 265
       1965 mayoral race and, 97
       1968 civil disturbances and, 274, 275

Johnson, Tom Loftin, 226

Jones, Harllel, see Harlle X

K

Kamm, Herb, 234

Karch, George, 13

Kennedy, Jacqueline, 253

Kennedy, John F., 61, 80, 253
       Characterized, 264-65

Kennedy, Robert F., 264

Kent State (1970), 221

Kerner Commission, 167

King, Coretta Scott, 99, 274

King, Martin Luther, Jr., 16, 129, 250
       civil rights movement and, 268
       death of, 215
       in 1967 mayoral race, 100-3, 106, 271

Kopan, Al, 37, 38

Kriegsfeld, Irving, 129

Krumholtz, Norman, 120

Krupanski, Robert, 231

Kuechel, Thomas, 264

Kwiatkowski, Mr., 52

L

Laffer, William, 77

Lambright, Middleton, 180-81

Laurie, Charles, 236

Lausche, Frank J., 19, 31, 89
       as mayor, 93
       as politician, 48
       Law Enforcement Assistance Agency, 192

League of Women Voters, 48

Leisman, Harry, 178

Lemieux, Sgt., 208

LeMon, Arthur, 197, 199, 203

Lilley, Paul, 149-50

Lindsay, John V., 192
       Agnew and, 260
       as mayor, 254-56
       Nixon meeting, 258

Little, John C., 181, 256
       as administrator, 109, 111
       Ahern and, 183
       Davis resignation and, 199-200, 202
       in 1969 mayoral race, 240
       1971 mayoral race and, 249

Little Hoover Commission (1966), 95, 157, 168, 170-76

Locher, Ralph
       Hough riot and, 94-95
       as mayor, 80, 81, 90, 93-96, 121, 126
       news conferences of, 152
       in 1965 mayoral race, 93, 94, 96, 97, 103-4, 136-37
       report on Police Department and, 170
       Stanton and, 135-37, 143

Logue, Edward, 115, 116

Long, Huey, 250

Lucas, Charles, 249

Lugar, Richard, 255, 258

Lyons, Helen, 127

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

M

McAllister, Ralph, 81, 82, 92

McCarthy, Eugene, 257

McCarthy, Joseph R., 18-19, 264

McElroy, John, 65, 67

McElroy, Mark, 88

McGovern, Goerge, 48n, 264

McGruber, Bob, 99, 159, 160, 166

McKinley, Roland, Jr., 75-79

McLin, C. J., Jr., 20

McManamon, Joseph, 108
       Ahern and, 183
       Blackwell and, 157, 175, 177, 178
       Davis and, 181
       in Glenville shoot-out, 207, 209, 211-12
       Police Department reorganization Attempted by, 176-80
       as safety director, 112-13
       G. Williams and, 227

Mack, Bosie, 220, 235
       on Glenville shoot-out, 206-15

Madison, Julian, 125, 126

Madison, Robert, 125, 126

Maher, Richard, 58, 60
       in 1965 mayoral race, 84
       in 1967 mayoral race, 105
       in 1969 mayoral race, 127, 128

Maier, Harry, 166, 254, 256

Malcolm X, 270

Mann, Ned, 60

"Mayors' Traveling Road Show," 254-55

Metzenbaum, Howard, 242

Midolo, Tony, 186

Miller, Ray T., 56-57, 68

Minnesota, University of, 39

Minor, Norman, 85, 114

Minshall, William E., 70

Mitchell, Thomas W., 232

Modell, Art, 199

Mondale, Walter, 48n

Morse, Wayne, 48n, 264

Moscarino, George, 233

Moss, Frank, 158

Moynihan, Daniel P., 257

Murphy, Patrick V., 182, 186

Murway, Richard, 152, 191
       Davis resignation and, 200, 202
       on newsman, 164

N

Nagy, John, 120

Natinal Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 43, 44, 56, 71, 232, 268, 269

National Black Political Convention (1972), 275

National Black Power Conference, 270

National League of Cities, 254, 255

Naughton, James M., 71, 104-5

New York Times, The (newspaper), 104

Newton, Huey, 276

Nixon, Richard M.
       characterized, 263-64
       meeting with, 255, 257-59
       1968 presidential race and, 256, 257, 275
       1970 presidential race of, 275-76

Northeast Ohio Area Coordinating Agency (NOACA), 238, 244

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

O

O'Connor, George W., 193, 204

O'Donnell, Doris, as enemy, 155-64

Oliver, Jack, 134

Ostrow, Al, 106

Owens, Jesse, 25, 63

P

PATH (association), 129

Patton, Thomas F., 129, 224

Payne (patrolman), 209

Payne, Edward, 35-38

Payne, Lawrence, 18, 42, 43, 49

Perk, Ralph J.,
       as mayoral, 205, 239-47
       in 1965 mayoral race, 82, 88-92
       in 1969 mayoral race, 241

Peters, Richard, 180, 181, 184

Pinckney, Arnold, 247

Police Department
       anti-Stoles sentiments in, 157-59
       criticism of, 168-70
       modern urban conditions and, 171-74
       political power of, 174
       reforming, 146, 171-205, 246
       reporter reliance on, 167-68
       tests foe news policemen and, 232-, 236
       See also Glenville shoot-out

Porter, Albert S. (Bert), 267
       congressional redistricting and, 70-71
       as county engineer, 68
       in 1965 mayoral race, 87, 88
       in 1967 mayoral race, 102-3
       1969 mayoral race and, 241

Powell, Adam Clayton, 245, 250

Pride, Inc., 197

Princiotto, Ted, 154, 155

Public Administration Service, 168

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

R

Randolph, A. Philip, 264

Reagan, Ronald, 250

Reuther, Walter, 273

Rhodes, Charles, 207

Rhodes, James A., 13, 96, 190
       congressional redistricting and, 71
       Ohio Board Commission and, 72
       opposition to, 64-65
       as politician, 65-68

Robeson, Paul, 19, 21

Roosevelt, Eleanor, 264

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 48n

Rose, H. Chapman, 193

Russell, Jack P., 57
       advice from, 142-43
       as City Council president, 133-35

Ruth (prostitute), 27, 29

Rutkowski, Anthony J., 38

S

Sampson, Reverend A. A., 99

Schemp, Lieutenant, 210

Schubert, Leland, 130

Seale, Bobby, 272

Seltzer, Louis
       councilmen attacked by, 133
       1967 mayoral race and, 98
       power of, 48, 99, 148, 149

Shababa, 221

Sharpe, Clarence, 17

Sherwin, John, 129

Silverman, William A., 112
       Davis resignation and, 200, 202
       poll after Glenville shoot-out and, 224

Sitgraves, Doris, 249

Skow, Jack, 221

Smith (patrolman), 208, 209

Smith, Edith Shirley, see Stokes, Edith Shirley

Sobul, Sanford, 114-15

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), 99, 102, 273

Spector, Sidney, 200, 240, 256

Sperber, George, 181, 184
       in Glenville shoot-out, 207-14, 218

Stanton, James V., 116, 123, 127, 267
       characteristics of, 135-37
       cooperating with, 137-39, 250-51
       Davis and, 190
       earning goals of, 228-29
       Glenville shoot-out and, 139-40
       as leader, 132-36
       1969 mayoral race and, 128, 240
       as opponent, 140-45

Stefanski, Ben, 119-20

Stien, William H., 59, 60

Stokes, Carl
       as assistant police prosecutor, 45-47
       getting into police, 41-73, 80-107
       in law enforcement, 31-40
       in 1965 mayoral race, 61, 69, 80-92
       in 1967 mayoral race, 61, 71, 88, 92-111
       in 1969 mayoral race, 61, 127-28
       in 1971 mayoral race, decision not to run, 249-52
       in state legislature, 62-73
       youth of, 22-31

Stokes, Carl, Jr. (son), 247
       birth of, 45
       entering kindergarten, 74-79

Stokes, Charles (father), 22-23, 156

Stokes, Cordell (son), 45

Stokes, Cordi (daughter), 45, 247
       on father's decision not to rerun, 251-52

Stokes, Edith Shirley Smith (first Wife), 45
       divorce from, 44
       marriage to, 34-35, 39, 156

Stokes, Louis (brother), 62, 241
       boyhood of, 23-25
       in Cleveland Trust lawsuit, 13
       and his father's past, 23
       law partnership with, 42
       in law school, 39
       marriage of, 39
       politics in law office opposed by, 45
       runs for public office, 72

Stokes, Louise (mother), 23-25, 39, 62, 156

Stokes, Shirley Edwards (second Wife), 202
       and husband's decision not to rerun (1971), 247
       at Kennedy cocktail party (1961), 253
       and kindergarten for Carl, Jr., 74, 75, 79
       marriage to, 44-45, 156
       in 1967 mayoral race, 91, 106
       threat on life of, 249

Stokes and Stokes (law firm), 42

Stone, Pughsley (Dock), 24

Suhajcik, Steve, 117

Supreme Court rulings, 67, 70, 71

Sweeney Al, 62
       as confident and counselor, 42
       in 1965 mayoral race, 82-85
       White and, 113
 

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |

T

Taft, Fran, 106

Taft, Seth, 155, 157
       in 1967 mayoral race, 104-6

Taylor, William, 220
       in Glenville shoot-out, 206-13

Thompson, Clarence R., 243

Time (magazine), 275

Tolliver, Stanley, 222

Towell, Bernard A., 96

Truman, Harry S., 19, 48n

Tucci, Tony, 151, 166

Twenty-first Congressional District Caucus, 241-44, 250, 267

Tyler, Ralph, 119

U

Ungvary, Sgt., 208, 209

United Appeal, 56, 198-99

United Freedom Movement, 95

United Pastors, 102

University School, 74, 76, 77

Urban League, 43, 56

Urban Renewal Committee, 135

V

Vail, Thomas, 98, 190
       characteristics of, 145
       Davis resignation and, 203
       as editor, 153-59
       tests for new policemen and, 234

Vanik, Charles A., 70

Voting Rights Acts (1965), 135

W

Wagner, Richard R., 95, 157, 170

Wald, Kimber, 191

Walker, William O., 18, 101, 209
       as counselor, 42
       in 1965 mayoral race, 83, 84
       in 1969 mayoral race, 241
       1971 mayoral race and, 249

Wallace, Henry, 18, 19

Ware, William, 156, 157, 234

Washington, Bert, 18-19

Watergate scandal, 264, 265

Watson, Gordon, 11

Weaver, Robert, 121

Weeden, John T., 99, 110

Weinberg, Kenneth, 161

West Virginia State, 29-31

Western Reserve University, 31

WEWS (television station), 251

White, George, 71

White, Jay B., 232-35

White, Kevin, 254

White, Paul, 113-14, 227

Who Governs? (Dahl), 53

Williams, Albert (A. A.), 26

Williams, Geraldine
       as administrative assistant, 111
       as campaign worker, 81
       firing of, 111, 114, 227-28
       in 1965 mayoral race, 82, 84

Willoughby News-Herald (newspaper), 160, 163, 164

Wills, Walter, 87

WKYC (television station), 166

Woodcock, Leonard, 273

Wyse, Lois, 112

Wyse, Marc, 112

Y

Yates, Mary E., 243

Yorty, Sam, 271, 272

Young, Andrew, 273

Young Democrats, 43

Z

Zone, Michael, 126

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z |


CONTENTS